Cardano Updates

- deployment.md (Troubleshooting): add row for API stuck at APPLYING_INDEXES
  caused by activeDeadlineSeconds: 259200 exceeded
- index-management.md: add note about Kubernetes 72h deadline linking
  to the Deployment Runbook

This commit reorganizes the existing model and conformance test
infrastructure for WFALS in anticipation to the the tests for the real
implementation implemented in the next commit.

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

This commit adds conversion rountrip tests between concrete Peras votes
and certificates and their corresponding (abstract) counterparts in the
WFALS and EveryoneVotes voting committee implementations.

Notably, the roundtrip properties allow testing both total (WFALS) and partial
(EveryoneVotes) conversions, generating both good and bad cases and
contrasting them against their expected rountrip outcome.

Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>

This commit uses the previously defined BLS-based crypto helpers to
implement a TestCrypto scheme to be used by the upcoming property
tests for WFALS and EveryoneVotes.

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

This commit defines some common test helpers used by the upcoming
property and conformance tests for both WFALS and EveryoneVotes.

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

This commit defines concrete data structures for Peras votes and certificates
using BLS signatures to represent vote/cert signatures as well as
non-persistent eligibility proofs.

In addition it defines serialization routines for both types, using a
compact bitmap representation in the case of certificates.

Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>

This commit adds property tests for the newly added bitmap library
asserting that both conversion from and/to indices as well as
serialization roundtrip correctly.

Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>

This commit implements property tests for the real WFALS
implementation asserting that:

* votes cast by eligible voters are successfully verifiable under the
  same voting committee,
* fake (illegal) votes are successfully rejected, and
* certificates forged by multiple votes can be verifiable under the same
  voting committe

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

This commit defined the weighted Fait-Accompli with local soritition
voting scheme (WFALS) using the separate WFA and LS components. This
includes the definition of both persistent and non-pesistent abstract
votes and abstract certificates.

NOTE: it is the job of the low-level vote and certificate implementation
to provide the plumbing needed to convert between abstract and concrete
values, possibly allowing the same concrete definitions to work with
multiple voting commitee implementations.

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

This commit implements conversion routines between the brand-new
(concrete) Peras votes and certificates and their corresponding
(abstract) voting committee counterparts.

This is done by introducing a `VotingCommitteeSupportsPeras` type class
to allow us to easily change the underlying voting committee
implementation via a proxy type.

Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>

This commit implements a compact bitmaps via ByteStrings, adapted from
the Leios voting committee demo package (leios-wfa-ls-demo):

https://github.com/cardano-scaling/leios-wfa-ls-demo/blob/main/leios-wfa-ls-demo/lib/Cardano/Leios/BitMapPV.hs

Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>

This commit adds serialization roundtrip tests for the concrete Peras
votes and certificate types.

Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>

This commit implements BLS-based crypto helpers to simplify the
implementation of crypto schemes used for voting committees. It includes
both single and aggregate signature and VRF signing and verification, as
well as swap-attack-resistant aggregate VRF verification via
linearization.

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

This commit implements the local sortition fallback scheme needed by
wFA^LS to allocate non-persistent voters. Each non-persistent voter
provides a VRF output that gets normalized and compared against the
output of a numerically-stable stake-weighted Poisson distribution.

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>

This commit adds conformance tests for the real WFALS implementation. In
particular, we chech that the real implementation matches both the
precomputed output of the rust prototype as well as the WFALS model
against random stake distributions and target committee sizes.

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

This commit implements EveryoneVotes a simpler alternative to WFALS
where every voter with non-negative stake is entitled to vote. This
exists as a baseline to run benchmarks against later on.

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

This commit implements the deterministic core of the weighted
Fait-Accompli algorithm using a precomputed extended stake distribution,
shareable across multiple voting committees running on the same epoch.

The implementation includes a tiebreaker mechanism to allow altering the
order of pools with the same stake when the threshold index between
persistent and non-persistent voters would land between them. This can
later be instantiated to allow for a fair split across epochs.

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>

This commit implements property tests for the EveryoneVotes
implementation asserting that:

* votes cast by eligible voters are successfully verifiable under the
  same voting committee,
* fake (illegal) votes are successfully rejected, and
* certificates forged by multiple votes can be verifiable under the same
  voting committe

Co-authored-by: Nicolas BACQUEY <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Thomas BAGREL <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Agustin Mista <[email protected]>